Modelling of water supply and water demand for sustainable water resource management in Addis Ababa city, Ethiopia
Student name: Mr Zinabu Assefa Alemu
Guide: Prof. Prateek Sharma
Year of completion: 2018
Host Organisation: Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Supervisor (Host Organisation): Mr Kirubel Tesfaye Teklu
Abstract: The Capital city of Addis Ababa is under rapid development and there is enormous construction
activity along with, rapid urbanization, and industrialization. These anthropogenic actions along
with climate change are affecting the water demand of the city. The overall purpose of this study is to
model water supply and demand of the city as well as to identify potential water management
strategies that supports the sustainable development goal particularly sustainable development goal
six (SDG6) clean water and sanitation. We employ the Water Evaluation and Planning system
(WEAP) modelling framework to analyze different scenarios which includes as population growth
rate, living standard, and other supply and demand side measuring strategies. The reference scenario
for unmet water demand in Addis Ababa city for the design period increases from 390 to 535 Trillion
Cubic meter (TCM) in 2016 and 2030 respectively. High Population growth, and high living
standard from the external driven factors as well as pessimistic future from the future predicted
scenarios have a great negative impact on the water supply system where as the integrated
management practice, moderate future, and optimistic future scenarios are proposed to decrease and
manage the unmet water demand of the city. Hence, if the water sector professionals and other
concerned bodies consider the selected future predicted scenarios and the integrated management
strategies they can be easily solving the water shortage problem of the city and accordingly the
natural water resources can be conserving and the ground water extraction can also minimizing as
well as it helps to use the water resource in sustainable manner. Thus, from the analyzed different
scenarios optimistic future and integrated management strategies will suggest to manage the existing
water supply and water demand system of the city plus it have also a great contribution in archiving
the SDG6.
Keywords: Water supply, Modelling, Water demand, Scenarios, Addis Ababa,
