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In recent years, Neglected and Underutilized Food Crop Species (NUFCS) have garnered significant attention for their nutritional and health benefits. Several authors have outlined the concept of NUFCS by identifying the shared characteristics of these crops. While many studies emphasize the importance and utilization of NUFCS, there exists a gap in the literature regarding precise definitions and criteria for the identification, mapping, and study of these crops. Existing literature predominantly focuses on traditional research related to the botanical, genetic, biotechnological, and nutritional composition and quality aspects of NUFCS. Recognized for their high nutritional value, NUFCS are anticipated to play a crucial role in both current and future food consumption trends.
Despite being considered nutritionally dense, there is limited available information on consumption patterns among urban consumers, who represent a significant market for these food crops. However, there appears to be a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding how urban consumers perceive and integrate NUFCS into their diets.
In this context, it is crucial to establish key criteria that delineate Neglected and Underutilized Food Crop Species (NUFCS) to comprehend their current status of neglect and underuse. Through a scoping review of existing studies and subsequent expert consultation, this study formulates a framework for identifying NUFCS. The framework comprises essential dimensions, a set of criteria, and various indicators. Subsequently, this framework was tailored to the Indian context as a demonstration of its potential application on a global scale. This study marks the initial development of a systematic tool for assessing NUFCS. The resultant framework is then leveraged to devise a NUFCS index for facilitating monitoring and evaluation of the status of these crops.
Furthermore, it is crucial to explore the consumption patterns of Neglected and Underutilized Food Crop Species (NUFCS) and the factors associated with them in urban settings. This study specifically examines staple NUFCS, including cereals and pulses, given their significance. The urban population in India primarily includes middle-income households. Recent dietary shifts in urban settings are influenced by various factors like urbanization, behaviours, perceptions, and the consumption of unhealthy ultra-processed foods. These factors have contributed to the rise in non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like hypertension, obesity, type-2 diabetes, etc., particularly among middle-income individuals.
Understanding the consumption patterns of NUFCS and identifying influencing factors is crucial. This study adopts a cross-sectional research design focusing on middle-income households across different areas in Delhi, India. Using purposive sampling, 574 households were surveyed through a questionnaire to identify middle-income households in Delhi. The study reveals that NUFCS consumption levels are generally low, with limited inclusion in household diets. Various factors, including behaviours and perceptions, influence the consumption patterns of NUFCS among middle-income households. Notable factors that influence NUFCS consumption include health consciousness and cultural significance.
Challenges and opportunities related to the promotion and utilization of NUFCS in urban settings are identified in this study through a consumption survey, detailed literature review, and stakeholder interviews. This assessment aims to profile consumers and develop strategies tailored to different consumer segments in urban areas. The study's results are anticipated to offer fresh insights into NUFCS research, enhancing the utilization of these crops for sustainable health and nutrition practices.
Keywords: NUFCS, consumption, index, cross-sectional study, nutrition, health.
