ANNOUNCEMENTS
The increasing penetration of renewable energy into modern power systems necessitates robust, scalable, and efficient energy storage technologies. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have emerged as a critical enabler for grid flexibility, load balancing, renewable firming, and energy arbitrage. This dissertation explores the technical, economic, and safety dimensions of BESS deployment in industrial settings, particularly within the Indian context. It presents a comprehensive literature review tracing the historical evolution of battery technologies and elaborates on current BESS architectures, performance metrics, and emerging chemistries. Through detailed case studies of three industrial sites—each characterized by unique operational challenges such as solar curtailment, high diesel generator usage, and demand variability—the study evaluates the technical feasibility and commercial viability of deploying lithiumion-based BESS solutions. The analysis includes load profiling, outage characterization, system sizing, cost-benefit estimation, and carbon reduction potential. Furthermore, the study investigates critical environmental, health, and safety (EHS) considerations associated with large-scale BESS deployment, offering a regulatory and risk-mitigation perspective. Findings highlight the dual potential of BESS to improve industrial energy resilience and reduce operational costs while enabling cleaner, decentralized energy systems. The results are intended to guide policy, investment, and implementation strategies for industries seeking to accelerate their decarbonization agenda through energy storage integration.
